[Agren & Andersson 2012] Accumulation of litter and particular decomposed plant parts on top of the mineral soil. Often sub-divided into litter (S, L and F) and humus (H) horizons. This horizon consists mostly of organic matter. In forest soils, this horizon is often called forest floor
Number concentration means number of molecule per unit volume, and is used in the construction molecular_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chemical formula for o-tolualdehyde is C8H8O. O-tolualdehyde is a member of the group of aldehydes. The IUPAC name for o-tolualdehyde is 2-methylbenzaldehyde.
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chemical formula for o-cresol is C7H8O. O-cresol is a member of the group of alcohols. The IUPAC name for o-cresol is 2-methylphenol.
Number concentration means number of molecule per unit volume, and is used in the construction molecular_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chemical formula for o-cresol is C7H8O. O-cresol is a member of the group of alcohols. The IUPAC name for o-cresol is 2-methylphenol.
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chemical formula for o-xylene is C8H10. O-xylene is a member of the group of hydrocarbons known as aromatics. The IUPAC name for o-xylene is 1,2-xylene.
Number concentration means number of molecule per unit volume, and is used in the construction molecular_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chemical formula for o-xylene is C8H10. O-xylene is a member of the group of hydrocarbons known as aromatics. The IUPAC name for o-xylene is 1,2-xylene.
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chemical formula for o-tolualdehyde is C8H8O. O-tolualdehyde is a member of the group of aldehydes. The IUPAC name for o-tolualdehyde is 2-methylbenzaldehyde.
Amount fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chemical formula for o-cresol is C7H8O. O-cresol is a member of the group of alcohols. The IUPAC name for o-cresol is 2-methylphenol.
Amount fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chemical formula for o-tolualdehyde is C8H8O. O-tolualdehyde is a member of the group of aldehydes. The IUPAC name for o-tolualdehyde is 2-methylbenzaldehyde.
Amount fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chemical formula for o-xylene is C8H10. O-xylene is a member of the group of hydrocarbons known as aromatics. The IUPAC name for 1,2-xylene.
Number concentration means number of molecule per unit volume, and is used in the construction molecular_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chmical formula for o,p-DDD is C14H10Cl4. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Number concentration means number of molecule per unit volume, and is used in the construction molecular_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chmical formula for o,p-DDT is C14H9Cl5. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Number concentration means number of molecule per unit volume, and is used in the construction molecular_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chmical formula for o,p-DDE is C14H8Cl4. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chmical formula for o,p-DDT is C14H9Cl5. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Amount fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chmical formula for o,p-DDT is C14H9Cl5. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chmical formula for o,p-DDD is C14H10Cl4. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Amount fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chmical formula for o,p-DDE is C14H8Cl4. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chmical formula for tetrabromo-o-chlorotoluene is C7H3Br4Cl. It is a member of the group of halogenated organics and aromatics. The IUPAC name is 1,2,3,4-tetrabromo-5-chloro-6-methylbenzene
Amount fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chmical formula for o,p-DDD is C14H10Cl4. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Amount fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chmical formula for tetrabromo-o-chlorotoluene is C7H3Br4Cl. It is a member of the group of halogenated organics and aromatics. The IUPAC name is 1,2,3,4-tetrabromo-5-chloro-6-methylbenzene
Number concentration means number of molecule per unit volume, and is used in the construction molecular_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chmical formula for tetrabromo-o-chlorotoluene is C7H3Br4Cl. It is a member of the group of halogenated organics and aromatics. The IUPAC name is 1,2,3,4-tetrabromo-5-chloro-6-methylbenzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chmical formula for o,p-DDE is C14H8Cl4. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. Precipitation is liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls to the earth. It comes in many forms, like rain, snow, and sleet. The chmical formula for o,p-DDE is C14H8Cl4. It belongs to the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. Precipitation is liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls to the earth. It comes in many forms, like rain, snow, and sleet. The chmical formula for o,p-DDT is C14H9Cl5. It belongs to the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. Precipitation is liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls to the earth. It comes in many forms, like rain, snow, and sleet. The chmical formula for o,p-DDD is C14H10Cl4. It belongs to the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_ expressed_ as_ nitrogen". "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. The chmical formula for o,p-DDD is C14H10Cl4. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_ expressed_ as_ nitrogen". "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. The chmical formula for o,p-DDE is C14H8Cl4. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]benzen
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_ expressed_ as_ nitrogen". "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. The chmical formula for o,p-DDT is is C14H9Cl5. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as "nitrogen" or a phrase such as "nox_ expressed_ as_ nitrogen". "Aerosol" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. The chmical formula for tetrabromo-o-chlorotoluene is C7H3Br4Cl. It belongs to the group of halogenated organics and aromatics. The IUPAC name is 1,2,3,4-tetrabromo-5-chloro-6-methylbenzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. "Gas and particle" means a system consisting of both gas and suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). The chmical formula for o,p-DDT is is C14H9Cl5. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. "Gas and particle" means a system consisting of both gas and suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). The chmical formula for tetrabromo-o-chlorotoluene is C7H3Br4Cl. It belongs to the group of halogenated organics and aromatics. The IUPAC name is 2-chloronaphthalene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. "Gas and particle" means a system consisting of both gas and suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). The chmical formula for o,p-DDD is C14H10Cl4. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene
Mass concentration means mass per unit volume and is used in the construction mass_ concentration_ of_ X_ in_ Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. "Gas and particle" means a system consisting of both gas and suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets). The chmical formula for o,p-DDE is C14H8Cl4. It is a member of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The IUPAC name is 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]benzen
A bench-top elemental analyser that is capable of operating in three modes: CHN, CHNS and Oxygen, is fully automated, and includes a 60 position autosampler. CHN and CHNS are determined via the classical Pregl-Dumas method where samples are combusted in a pureoxygen environment. Oxygen determination is based on the classical Unterzuacher method which incorporates the modifications of Oita, Conway and Culmo where samples are converted to carbon monoxide following after pryolisation and reaction with a platinised carbon reagent. The analyser has an accuracy of <=0.3% and a precision of <=02%. The analytical range is from 0.001 -3.6 mgs for C, 0.001-1.0 for H, 0.001-6 mgs for N and 0.001 to 2.0 mgs for S and O.
A bench-top elemental analyser that is capable of operating in three modes: CHN, CHNS and Oxygen, is fully automated, and includes a 60 position autosampler. CHN and CHNS are determined via the classical Pregl-Dumas method where samples are combusted in a pureoxygen environment. Oxygen determination is based on the classical Unterzuacher method which incorporates the modifications of Oita, Conway and Culmo where samples are converted to carbon monoxide following after pryolisation and reaction with a platinised carbon reagent. The analyser has an accuracy of <=0.3% and a precision of <=02%. The analytical range is from 0.001 -3.6 mgs for C, 0.001-1.0 for H, 0.001-6 mgs for N and 0.001 to 2.0 mgs for S and O.
framework to facilitate sustainable investment by establishing an EU-wide classification system to provide firms and investors with a common framework for identifying to what degree economic activities can be considered to be 'environmentally sustainable'
The atmospheric sciences study the dynamics, physics and chemistry of atmospheric phenomena and processes, including the interactions of the atmosphere with soil physics, hydrology and oceanic circulation. The research focuses on the following areas: turbulence and convection, atmospheric radiation and remote sensing, aerosol and cloud physics and chemistry, planetary atmospheres, air-sea interactions, climate, and statistical meteorology.
Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora that ensures the conservation of a wide range of rare, threatened or endemic animal and plant species, as well as rare and characteristic habitat types for conservation in their own right
Directive prescribing the maximum amounts of nitrogen that can be applied to land in the form of animal manure in order to prevent further nitrate pollution
A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate the employment and tactics of police or other civil agents organized to maintain order, prevent and detect crimes and promote obedience to civil regulations and authority.
A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate any extensive area of woodland, for the protection and preservation of game, timber and other forest resources.
Any agreement which gives rise to relationship of landlord and tenant (real property) or lessor and lessee (real or personal property). Contract for exclusive possession of lands or tenements for determinate period. Contract for possession and profits of lands and tenements either for life, or for certain period of time, or during the pleasure of the parties.
A legal agreement between two or more parties of employers and workers that outlines the administrative or supervisory work that is expected in exchange for certain payments and working conditions.
directive that defines the different categories of waste (municipal waste, hazardous waste, non-hazardous waste and inert waste) and applies to all landfills whose aim is to prevent or reduce negative effects on the environment, in particular on surface water, groundwater, soil, air, and on human health by introducing stringent technical requirements for waste and landfills
A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to protect human health and the environment, manage growth and development or enhance the quality of life in small geographical and social areas within cities where residents share values and concerns and interact with one another on a daily basis.
rules laid down by the European Union (EU) for the monitoring, assessment and management of the quality of bathing water, and for the provision of information on that quality to reduce and prevent the pollution of bathing water and to inform European citizens of the degree of pollution
A written account on the level of integrity and conditions of the ecosystem and natural resources in a given region, usually presented by an official person or body mandated to protect human health and the environment in that region.
The exchange of information about health or environmental risks among risk assessors and managers, the general public, news media, interest groups, etc.
EU Directive with the aim to contribute to coherence between, and to ensure the integration of environmental concerns into, the different policies, agreements and legislative measures which have an impact on the marine environment
A written or printed text furnishing proposals or procedures for the improvement of living conditions, especially housing, for the inhabitants of a city or densely populated area.
EC Directive proposed on 15 July 1992 aiming at harmonizing national measures concerning the management of packaging and packaging waste; the directive covers all packaging placed on the market.
Rules on the handling of articles or substances capable of posing a significant risk to health, safety, or property, and that ordinarily require special attention when being transported.